We achieve 8-second block time with view changes in production against adversarial or unavailable leaders. We use Boneh–Lynn–Shacham (BLS) constant-sized signatures to commit blocks in a single round of consensus messages. Our Fast BFT (FBFT) leads to low transaction fees and 1-block-time finality in Harmony Mainnet. Harmony has innovated on the battle-tested Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) for fast consensus of block transactions. We use Verifiable Random Function (VDF) for unbiased and unpredictable shard membership. Each shard has 250 nodes for strong security guarantee against Byzantine behaviors. To prevent single shard attacks, we must have a sufficiently large number of nodes per shard and cryptographic randomness to re-shard regularly. Harmony divides not only our network nodes but also the blockchain states into shards, scaling linearly in all three aspects of machines, transactions and storage. Sharding is proven to scale blockchains without compromising security and decentralization. Harmony has transcended the blockchain trilemma by bringing the best research to production. Common industry use cases include ad exchanges, credit ratings and many other data consortia that would otherwise take many years to form among competing companies. Harmony is applying zero-knowledge proofs for data sharing while preserving the consumer’s privacy. Harmony helps businesses build marketplaces of fungible tokens (such as energy credits and loyalty points) and non-fungible assets (such as game collectibles and real estate). An understanding of network topology allows them to run a highly concurrent protocol. Harmony implements network engineering techniques for smarter message propagation and faster consensus formation. This will also allow a broader set of devices to participate in consensus for a more decentralized network. They are developing a lean, mission-specific kernel to run their protocol with increased CPU performance and security. This allows Harmony to effectively handle connection latency and enables our throughput to scale with the size of our network. Harmony’s consensus protocol uses design principles such as sharding and pipelining to parallelize transaction processing. Visit at harmony.one! Enjoy our monthly harmony.one/newsletter. Harmony’s staking mechanism reduces centralization while supporting stake delegation, reward compounding and double-sign slashing.Īre we decentralized yet? Harmony aims to build an open network of nodes operated and governed by a large community. Harmony Mainnet supports thousands of nodes in multiple shards, producing blocks in a few seconds with instant finality. Harmony has achieved secure and random state sharding. Harmony is a fast and open blockchain for decentralized applications.
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